Factory Electrical Design: Ensuring Performance and Safety

Table of Contents:

Determining Electrical Load Requirements
Designing High and Low Voltage Networks
Industrial Lighting and Power Compensation Systems

Designing electrical systems for factories is crucial, involving planning, designing, and installing electrical systems to ensure both safety and efficiency.

Determining Electrical Load Requirements

Determining electrical load requirements is vital for factory design, helping engineers understand the needed power capacity for various areas. This decides the type of equipment and the number of conductors suitable. Calculations are based on current and future needs to ensure efficient factory operations.

Understanding Load Requirements

Understanding load requirements is essential in factory electrical design to ensure systems operate safely and efficiently, helping choose the right equipment from conductors to transformers from brands like ABB and Schneider.

Importance of Load Calculation

Accurate load calculation is crucial for preventing overloads or undercapacity, vital for avoiding malfunction and extending equipment life.

Methods for Load Calculation

Calculating electrical load can be done using methods like:

Load Curve Analysis: Visualize power usage over time to find peak demands.
Usage Basis: Based on device power usage and area function.
Application of Factors: Use technical factors to determine calculations that align with safety standards.

Example: Calculating Load for Residential Buildings

For example, calculating load for an apartment uses the formula:

[ P{NO} = P{CH} + 0.9P_{DL} ]

Where:

( P_{CH} ) represents calculated apartment load.
( P_{DL} ) is power for utilities like elevators and air conditioning.

Significance of Load Calculation

Accurate load calculation is foundational for stable factory operations. Incorrect calculations increase overload risks, impacting efficiency and safety. Load calculation plays a crucial role in both design and operation phases of an electrical system. Choosing suitable electrical equipment from trusted suppliers such as LS or Eaton heavily depends on this calculation step.

Engineers calculating electrical load for factories — Engineers defining load requirements for factory operations.

Designing High and Low Voltage Networks

High and low voltage networks are essential in factory electrical systems, with high voltage networks ranging from 35kV to 220kV suited for large factories. Low voltage network design ensures efficient operation through proper control cabinet and conductor layout adhering to standards like TCVN 7447-5-51:2010.

Designing electrical networks, especially high and low voltage networks, ensures safe and stable power supply to various areas, from urban to rural settings. Detailed analysis and application of national and international standards are necessary for optimizing electrical system performance.

High Voltage Network Design

High voltage networks carry high power loads at 35kV–220kV, essential for large industrial needs.

Objective:: Ensure efficient power transfer from plants to substations.
Design Process::

Analyzing Load: Initial calculation and distribution are pivotal.
Selecting Transmission Method: Depending on terrain, use overhead or underground cables.
Structural Design: Determining suitable structures to withstand wind and seismic loads.
Calculating Resistance and Loss: Minimizing transmission losses is crucial.

Low Voltage Network Design

Low voltage networks focus on residential, commercial, and service areas with voltage at 220V/380V.

Objective: Ensure safe and stable power supply to end-users.
Design Process::

Analyzing Power Needs: Assess current usage and predict growth.
Network Layout: Choosing cables based on environmental and geographical factors.
Equipment Selection: Optimize transformers, control cabinets, and protection devices from brands like Mitsubishi and Schneider.
Conductor Section Calculation: Ensure conductors can safely handle loads.

Standards and Regulations

Designs must comply with TCVN standards for safety and efficiency. International IEC standards are also referenced for global compatibility.

Support Tools

Simulation Software: Specialized software for modeling and calculating network functionality before implementation.
Technical Consultation: Expert support ensures designs meet all standards.

Thus, designing high and low voltage networks requires careful technical analysis and safety standards to ensure long-lasting and efficient electrical system operations.

Layout of high and low voltage networks in factories — Designing high and low voltage networks for industrial facilities.

Industrial Lighting and Power Compensation Systems

Industrial lighting systems are designed not just to provide sufficient illumination but also to optimize energy use. Additionally, reactive power compensation is necessary to minimize energy losses by distributing reactive power properly, using capacitors to improve efficiency.

Industrial Lighting Systems

Industrial lighting systems play a critical role in ensuring efficient and safe illumination in production spaces and industrial areas, specifically designed for factories, factories, and warehouses, enhancing workflow and product quality.

High Durability: Designed to withstand harsh environmental conditions like high temperatures, dust, moisture, and vibration.
High Brightness and Coverage: Utilize industrial LED lights or large-capacity specialized lights for uniform wide-area illumination.
Energy Efficiency: These devices optimize energy usage while maintaining high output.
Flexible Installation Heights: Lights can be installed at various heights to suit different factory types.

Industrial lighting designs must adhere to technical standards, preventing glare or dangerous shadows, and employ smart lighting control systems to enhance efficiency.

Power Compensation in Industrial Lighting Systems

Reactive power compensation is key to improving power factor and electrical efficiency in industrial lighting systems. This is especially important for inductive loads like fluorescent and high-pressure lamps.

Benefits of reactive power compensation include:

Reduced electrical losses by lowering reactive current in the lines.
Avoidance of penalties due to low power factor from suppliers.
Extended equipment life and improved electricity utility quality.
Ensured stable system operation, avoiding unnecessary overloads.

Power compensation solutions typically involve using electrical capacitors, with decisions between fixed or automatic capacitors depending on system needs, installed at crucial points in factory or industrial electrical systems.

Designing lighting and power compensation systems for factories — Lighting and power compensation systems in factories.

Factory electrical design goes beyond safety to optimize operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Complying with technical standards helps efficiently manage load, electrical networks, and power compensation, driving production efficiency and protecting investments.

Contact QuangAnhcons at Hotline: +84 9 1975 8191 for in-depth consultation on factory electrical design, ensuring the highest safety and efficiency.

QuangAnhcons specializes in providing factory electrical system design and installation services, ensuring compliance with all technical standards to deliver optimal solutions for clients.